Somali Speakers of Parliament (1960 – Present) The history of Somali speakers of parliament is deeply tied to the political evolution of the nation. This article highlights the individuals who have held the position of Speaker of Parliament since Somalia gained independence in 1960, their contributions, and the challenges they faced during their tenures.
1. Aden Abdullah Osman Daar (1960)
Aden Abdullah Osman Daar served as the first Speaker of Parliament in the newly independent Somali Republic. His tenure was brief as he later became Somalia’s first president. His role in shaping the foundational legislative framework of the country remains significant.
2. Jama Abdullahi Qalib (1960–1967)
Jama Abdullahi Qalib succeeded Aden Abdullah Osman Daar as Speaker of Parliament. His leadership was instrumental in establishing parliamentary procedures and guiding the legislative body during the early years of independence.
3. Sheikh Mukhtar Mohamed Hussein (1967–1969)
Sheikh Mukhtar Mohamed Hussein served as Speaker during a politically turbulent period leading to the military coup of 1969. He played a key role in facilitating legislative discussions and promoting democratic values.
The Era of Military Rule (1969–1991)
Following the military coup in 1969, led by Major General Mohamed Siad Barre, the parliamentary system was effectively dissolved. The Supreme Revolutionary Council (SRC) replaced the legislative functions of the parliament, and the role of Speaker became redundant during this period.
Transitional Period and Federal Governments (1991 – Present)
After the collapse of Siad Barre’s regime in 1991, Somalia experienced decades of political instability. Efforts to rebuild governance structures included the re-establishment of the parliament and the position of Speaker.
4. Ali Khalif Galaydh (2000)
Ali Khalif Galaydh briefly served as Speaker during the establishment of the Transitional National Government (TNG). His tenure focused on restoring parliamentary functions amidst a fractured political landscape.
5. Abdullahi Derow Isaq (2004–2007)
Under the Transitional Federal Government (TFG), Abdullahi Derow Isaq worked to strengthen parliamentary procedures and foster political reconciliation.
6. Adan Mohamed Nuur Madobe (2007–2010)
Adan Mohamed Nuur Madobe served during a critical period of Somalia’s transition. His leadership was marked by efforts to stabilize the government and strengthen the legislative process.
7. Sharif Hassan Sheikh Aden (2010–2012)
Sharif Hassan Sheikh Aden was a key figure in Somalia’s transitional phase. He worked on constitutional reforms and supported initiatives to promote peace and reconciliation.
8. Mohamed Osman Jawari (2012–2017)
Mohamed Osman Jawari’s tenure as Speaker coincided with Somalia’s shift from a transitional government to a fully-fledged federal government. He played a significant role in drafting and implementing the Provisional Constitution.
9. Mohamed Mursal Sheikh Abdirahman (2017–2022)
Mohamed Mursal Sheikh Abdirahman focused on legislative reforms and strengthening federalism during his term. He also worked to enhance the relationship between the federal government and regional states.
10. Adan Mohamed Nuur Madobe (2022–Present)
Adan Mohamed Nuur Madobe returned as Speaker in 2022. His current tenure is focused on addressing political challenges, promoting legislative transparency, and fostering cooperation between Somalia’s federal and state governments.
Conclusion
The role of Speaker of Parliament in Somalia has evolved over the decades, reflecting the country’s shifting political dynamics. Despite numerous challenges, the speakers have played crucial roles in legislative development, promoting governance, and fostering unity in a complex political environment. As Somalia continues to rebuild, the Speaker remains a pivotal figure in shaping the nation’s democratic future.
